FOREST BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION –
POTENTIALS, MANAGEMENT AND RISKS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Ashraful Alam, Antti Kilpeläinen, Seppo Kellomäki
School of Forest Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu
F t Cli t d R bl E I t Ri k d Ad t tiu ure Cl ma e an enewa e nergy – mpac s, s s an ap a on
Oslo, Norway
2 June, 2010
Contents
• Forestry in Finland
• Challenges
• Objectives
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf
ECHAM4/OPYC3 NorClim/HIRHAM 25x25 km
'Empirical Adjustment' to 1 x 1 km
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
1 10 100 1000
Return period (years)
P
e
a
k
d
a
i
l
y
d
i
s
c
h
a
r
g
e
(
m
3
/
s
)
1981-2010 GEV from annual max series
2021-2050 GEV from annual max series
2021 - 2050 Annual maximum series
1981 - 2010 Annual maximum series
1981-2010
200-year flood
2021
/media/ces/Lawrence_Deborah_CES_2010.pdf
mover’s payoff, while mover 2’s
payoff is greater than or equal to the first mover’s payoff.
The payoff function is that of the basic public good game. The marginal return from the
public good is a ∈ [0,1], and each agent’s initial endowment is E. The payoff function Rik
of agent i as mover k, k = 1 for the first mover and k = 2 for the second mover, is defined
as follows:
Rik =E − xik + a (xik
/media/loftslag/Public-Choice-2012---Teyssier---Inequity-and-risk-aversion-in-sequential-public-good-games.pdf
of events closely.
Photo: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir.
Bárðarbunga
Pálmi Erlendsson, Bergur H. Bergsson and others installing GPS and com-
munication equipment. Photos: Þorgils Ingvarsson and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson.
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
5
The magma intrusion from Bárðarbunga
to the eruption site at Holuhraun and
related tremor pulses
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
at the epicenter (r = 0) in the attenuation relations for PGX, a revision of model A
was examined, where R(r,M) is used, rather than just the epicentral distance, r. The model
considered is the following:
log10(PGX) = a·log10 ( R(r,M) ) + b · M + c (1)
with R given by:
gMkrR 10⋅+= , (2)
and where r is the distance from epicenter to the point of measurement, k is a parameter to be
fitted and g
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_012.pdf
networks for
t
i Christiansen Barlebo
r Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
form 3 May 2007; accepted 11 May 2007
29 June 2007
www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvman
Mak
manage
ARTICLE IN PRESS
brought together to find a solution that is adequate from
multiple perspectives. This, not only requires coping with
various sources and types of uncertainty, but also with the
ambiguity produced
/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
14 0 1 2 3 8 12
15 0 1 2 3 8 12
16 0 1 2 4 8 12
17 0 1 2 4 8 12
18 0 1 2 4 8 12
19 0 1 2 4 8 13
20 0 1 2 4 8 13
21 0 2 3 5 9 13
22 1 2 3 5 9 13
23 1 2 3 4 9 13
MEAN 1 2 2 4 8 13
10
AE
R
OD
R
OM
E
CLIM
A
T
OLOGICA
L
SUMMA
R
Y
-
T
ABL
E
D
AE
R
OD
R
OME
:BIK
F
-
KEFL
A
VÍ
K
/K
efl
avi
k
PERIO
D
O
F
RECORD
:2001–201
0
L
A
TITUDE
:6
3
59’06"
N
LONGITUDE
:2
2
36’20"
W
ELE
V
A
TIO
N
AB
O
V
E
MSL
:5
2
/media/vedur/aerodrome_summaries_20140603.pdf
&
4
Y
u
a
n
g
Z
h
e
n
g
D
e
n
m
a
r
k
F
o
r
e
s
t
r
y
&
L
a
n
d
s
c
a
p
e
2
1
0
A
t
h
a
n
a
s
i
o
s
V
o
t
s
i
s
F
i
n
l
a
n
d
U
r
b
a
n
&
r
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
3
3
2
E
i
v
i
n
d
J
u
n
k
e
r
N
o
r
w
a
y
L
a
w
4
3
3
M
i
c
h
a
e
l
L
a
i
h
o
F
i
n
l
a
n
d
E
u
r
o
p
e
a
n
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
5
2
0
H
e
c
to
r
G
u
i
n
e
a
B
a
r
r
i
e
n
to
s
S
w
e
d
e
n
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
r
e
s
o
u
/media/loftslag/programme2---PhD-Workshop-preceding-Adaptation-Research-Conference.pdf
Council on Water Resources, Carbondale, IL,
1998).
12. K. E. Schilling, E. Z. Stakhiv, in Global Change and Water
Resources Management (Water Resources Update No.
112, Universities Council on Water Resources,
Carbondale, IL, 1998).
13. J. R. Stedinger, D. Pei, T. A. Cohn, Water Resour. Res. 21,
665 (1985).
14. Z. W. Kundzewicz, L. Somlyódy, Water Resour. Manage.
11, 407 (1997).
15. P. C. D. Milly, K/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
Jónsdóttir et al (2022). Acoustic Signals of a Meteoroid Recorded on a Large‐N Seismic Network and Fiber‐Optic Cables. Seismological Research Letters 2022. doi.org/10.1785/0220220236
Lamb, O.D., Gestrich, J.E., Barnie, T.D., Jónsdóttir, K., Ducrocq, C., Shore, M.J., Lees, J.M., Lee, S.J (2022). Acoustic observations of lava fountain activity during the 2021
/