in the models, while on the other
hand, models require quantitative information on a wealth of
parameters that is often difficult to extract from storylines. In other
words, there is a mismatch between storylines and model
parameters (Steps 3–4 in Fig. 1), as well as between model output
and revised stories (Steps 5–6). In practice, particularly the
translation of stories into quantified model
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
164
Keflavíkurflugvöllur
1081.6
98
99
41.9
226
157
The annual
total precipitation in Reykjavík was 1062.4 mm, 20% above the 1991
to 2020 average precipitation. In Akureyri the total was 600.9 mm, 5%
above the 1991 to 2020 mean.The
number of days with precipitation equal to or exceeding 1.0 mm, were
156 in Reykjavík, 7 more than the mean 1991 to 2020
/about-imo/news/the-weather-in-iceland-in-2022
October was particularly dry in the West.
The total precipitation measured in Reykjavík was 838 mm, about 5 percent above the 1961 - 1990 normal. In Akureyri the total precipitation was 597 mm, about 20 percent above the normal. This is the 12th consecutive year with above-normal precipitation in Akureyri.
May, September, October and December were very wet in Akureyri, but it was dry in February
/weather/articles/nr/2824
precipitation measured in Reykjavík was 838 mm, about 5 percent above the 1961 -
1990 normal. In Akureyri the total precipitation was 597 mm, about 20 percent above the
normal. This is the 12th consecutive year with above-normal precipitation in Akureyri.
May, September, October and December were very wet in Akureyri, but it was dry in
February, June and August. In Reykjavík the precipitation
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skylduskil/ved-eng-2013.pdf
The
role of orography was found to be crucial in determining the precipitation dis-
tribution and amount.
Atmospheric flow over Iceland was simulated for the period January 1961
through June 2006 using version 3–7–3 of the PSU/NCAR MM5 mesoscale
model (Grell et al., 1995). The domain used is 123× 95 points, centered at
64◦ N and 19.5◦ W, with a horizontal resolution of 8 km. There are 23 vertical
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_91.pdf
of market organisation alternatives
26.8.2011Adriaan Perrels/IL 10
Cost-benefit analysis – the basics 3
Simple example: despite positive IRR still cash flow challenge years 1 - 8
CBA example - initial investment 100; interest and discount 5%;
operational cost +5%/y; benefits +10%/y; IRR = 7.4%
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
years
m
o
n
e
y
u
n
it
s
writing off
finance
/media/loftslag/Perrels-CBA.pdf