at
e
(C
limat
e
models
)
GC
M
s
X
X
XX
X
X
X
X
RCM
s
X
X
XX
X
X
X
X
Initia
lco
n
ditions
/
nat
ura
lva
riabilit
y
X
X
XX
X
D
ow
ns
ca
lin
g/
sta
tis
tic
al
co
rr
ec
tio
n
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
W
ate
r
syst
em
impact
s
(H
yd
ro
-e
co
lo
gi
ca
lm
o
de
ls)
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Socio
-econo
m
ic
imp
act
s
(So
ci
o-
ec
on
om
ic
to
ol
s)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
X
X
A
da
pt
ati
on
m
ea
su
re
s
X
X
X
X
/media/loftslag/2012-Refsgaard_etal-uncertainty_climate-change-adaptation-MITI343.pdf
M A M J J A l
ll l
l
l
l
l
l
l
lll
l
l
lll
0 100 200 300
60
0
80
0
100
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm102
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
30
40
50
60
70
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm116
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
20
0
30
0
40
0
50
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
meteorological services for large areas of the North Atlantic and Green-
land. It is the second largest aviation service region in the world. Over the course of a decade IMO was modernized
and sta?ed to meet the highest international requirements. The Icelandic public and economic sectors, in particular
the fisheries, transportation and agriculture, benefitted hugely from this development making
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_arsskyrsla2020.pdf
: Significant at 90% CL
Norwegian Meteorological Institute met.no
Fokstugu (973 m.a.s.l.)
Introduction Data & Methods Results
Trends in start and end:
Significant at 99% CL
/media/ces/Dyrrdal_Anita_CES_2010.pdf
6
0
20
40
60
80
10
0
12
0
14
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm51
heM
95?bh ??Obs
95?bh ??W aSiM
95?bh heM
Annual max. Q : GEV Distributions for vhm51
Index flood model no. 6
l l l l
l
l l l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
−2 0 2 4 6
0
50
10
0
15
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm52
heM
95?bh Obs
95?bh
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
M
ea
n
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
(m
3 /
s)
Present: Mean A2: Mean
Station 280001: Upstream Bygholm Lake
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
M
ax
im
u
m
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
(m
3 /
s)
Present: Max A2: Max
Station 270045: Upstream Lake Nørrestrand
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
M
ea
n
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
(m
3 /
s)
Present: Max A2: Max
/media/loftslag/Horsens_case.pdf
12 1 month 12
Columbia River Basin Water Resource Sensitivity
to PCM Climate Change Scenarios
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Portland-
Vancouver
Spring Flood
Control
Reliability
Portland-
Vancouver
Winter Flood
Control
Reliability
Autumn Firm
Power
Reliability
(November)
% of Control
Hydropower
Revenues
McNary
Instream
Target
Reliability
(April-
August)
Middle Snake
Agricultural
/media/ces/Lettenmaier_Dennis_CES_2010pdf.pdf