11 / 12 MPI-ESM-LR REMO2009 45 / 85
13 / 14 IHCEC-EC-Earth RCA4 45 / 85
15 / 16 IHCEC-EC-Earth COSMO-CLM4-8-17 45 / 85
17 / 18 CNRM-CERFACS-CM5 RCA4 45 / 85
19 / 20 CNRM-CERFACS-CM5 COSMO-CLM4-8-17 45 / 85
11
3 Which domain, resolution, and models of the CORDEX
project should be selected for the analysis of 21st
century climate change in Iceland?
The subject of this chapter
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2017/VI_2017_009.pdf
the Fljótsdalsheiði region . . . . . . . 47
18 Seasonal mean wind power density within the Fljótsdalsheiði region . . . . . . . . 48
19 Directional mean wind power density within the Gufuskálar region . . . . . . . . . 49
20 Seasonal mean wind power density within the Gufuskálar region . . . . . . . . . . 50
21 Directional mean wind power density within the Hellisheiði region . . . . . . . . . 51
22 Seasonal mean
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
seimic network, fewer then the previous week when they counted around 620 in total. The most seismic activity was measured on the Tjörnes fracture zone with around 90 events located in the Eyjafjarðaráll north of Eyjafjörður, where the largest event of the week was detected, M4.2 on April 18th at 7:59 am. It was felt in the town of Siglufjörður. Quite more activity was detected in Vatnajökull
/
Reykjavík, 139 pp.
Paterson, W.S.B. 1994. The Physics of
Glaciers (Third Edition). Pergamon. 480
pp.
Vogt, P.R., G.L. Johnson and L. Kristjánsson
1980. Morphology and magnetic anomalies
north of Iceland. J. of Geophysics 47, 67-80.
Walker, G.P.L. 1974. Eruptive mechanisms in
Iceland. In L. Kristjánsson, ed. Geodynamics
of Iceland and the North Atlantic Area. D.
Reidel, Dordrecht
/media/jar/Jokull-guidlines.pdf
currents in its outer core. At the surface, about 90% of the field can be described by a simple dipole field tilting about 10° from the rotation axis. The currents in the Earth's core are slowly varying causing slow changes of the magnetic field, typically on timescales of years and ages.
A flow of charged particles from the sun, called the solar wind, hits steadily the magnetic field and bends
/weather/articles/nr/2549
Juhola (FIN)
Sigrun Karlsdottir (IS)
Halldór Björnsson (IS)
Richard Klein (S)
Rik Leemans (NL)
Henrik Madsen (DK)
Anil Markandya (E)
Jørgen E. Olesen (DK)
Adrian Perrels (FIN)
John Porter (DK)
Markku Rummukainen (S)
Hans von Storch (D)
ORGANIZERS ? S PONSORS
2nd Announcement and Call for Papers 2nd Announcement and Call for Papers
www.nordicadaptation2014.net
/media/loftslag/myndasafn/Nordic_Adaption_14_2cir.pdf
parameters
– In the light of climate change
Norwegian Meteorological Institute met.no
Observed changes in Norway between
1961-90 and 1979-08
• Winter precipitation has
increased by 5-25 %
• Winter temperature has
increased by 0.91–1.34 ºC
(Hanssen-Bauer et al., 2009)
What about snow conditions?
Introduction Data & Methods Results
Norwegian Meteorological Institute met.no
Snow parameters
Start End
/media/ces/Dyrrdal_Anita_CES_2010.pdf
not representative of present or future climate
conditions?
Winter mean T in Helsinki (1961-2008)
1961-
20081961-
1990
Temperature (°C)
P
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
-12 4
Simplest case: change in mean climate,
with no change in the magnitude of variability
If variability changes as well, the two tails of the distribution
(e.g., warm and cold) will be affected differently.
IPCC (2001
/media/ces/RaisanenJouni_CES_2010.pdf
volume towards a new steady state of the glacier in the case of a “moderate” step change
in climate.
The relative importance of the mass-balance–elevation feedback and the reduction in ice-
covered area may be analysed with reference to the perturbation equation
d(DV )
dt
= B0+beDA+GeDV = B
0
DV
tV
; (3)
where the volume time-scale tV is given by
tV =
1
( be=H) Ge
; (4)
(Harrison and others, 2001
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
/breakthrough curves
West East
Model C
Model A
Model B
Fractured clay/
Toplayer
Sand Clayey till Limestone SelandienLimestone
0 20 40 60
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
N
or
m
al
is
ed
c
on
ce
nt
ra
ti
on
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 40 80 120 160 200
Time in years
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
N
or
m
al
is
ed
c
on
ce
nt
ra
ti
on
0 100 200 300
Time in years
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Model A Model B Model C
Simulated
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_2-uncertainty.pdf