26 October 2012
ESC statement on L’Aquila sentence
The European Seismological Commission (ESC) as a Commission of the
International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth’s Interior
(IASPEI) endorses and adheres to the IASPEI Press Release on the L'Aquila
sentence (http://www.iaspei.org/news_items/laquila_IASPEI_press_release_final.pdf
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/hlidarefni/ESC-IASPEI-statement-LAquila-2012-1.pdf
Flugskýrsla TF-SIF
12. desember 2010
Flug nr. 117410.025
Áhöfn:
Flugstjóri Hafsteinn Heiðarsson
Flugmaður Jakob Ólafsson
Flugmaður 2 / Þjálfunarfl.
Yfirstýrimaður Auðunn F. Kristinsson
Stýrimaður Gunnar Örn Arnarson
Stýrimaður
Stýrimaður
Aðrir 9 farþegar, 4 til Akureyrar en 5 með allt flugið.
Flugtími:
Flugvöllur Hreyfing Flugtak Flugvöllur Lending
/media/hafis/skyrslur_lhg/Isskyrsla_20101212.pdf
run, and the blended initial field for the subsequent run. During the
first forecast hour, model simulations tend towards the values at the end of the previous run, but
especially in the interior of the island, some significant differences remain.
14
For 2-m air temperature and 10-m wind speed, this is illustrated in Figure 5, based on average
diurnal cycles, calculated separately for grid points
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
Dashed lines encompass the V-shaped zone of tephra deposition. (c)
Oblique aerial view from west of the tephra plume at Grímsvötn on 2 November. Note the ashfall
from the plume. (Photo by M. J. Roberts.) (d) Weather radar image at 0400 UTC on 2 November.
The top portion shows its projection on an EW-vertical plane. The minimum detection height for
Grímsvötn is seen at 6 km, and the plume extends
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
the
interior of the ice sheet is somewhat too dry (Fig. 9b). By average a mean negative precipitation
bias of 0.16myr−1 results which equals 43% of the mean from Burgess et al. (2010) (Table 2).
6 Bias Correction and Future Scenario Runs
After having specified a number of biases in the RCM output the model runs were repeated
with bias-corrected RCM data.
To correct the temporal bias of Ta, daily
/media/ces/ces_geus_paakitsoq_full_report.pdf
than can be expected to originate from the cauldrons, three to four times the wa-
ter equivalent of the accumulation of snow over the watershed of the cauldrons. It has
been estimated that flow from the cauldrons, in addition to the jökulhlaups, could be
2–5 m3 s 1 at maximum (Vatnaskil, 2005). It is possible that part of the sulfate-rich
groundwater from the glacier comes from the cauldrons
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
drainage
works, and land-cover and land-use change.
Two other (sometimes indistinguishable)
challenges to stationarity have been exter-
nally forced, natural climate changes and
low-frequency, internal variability (e.g., the
Atlantic multidecadal oscillation) enhanced
by the slow dynamics of the oceans and ice
sheets (2, 3). Planners have tools to adjust
their analyses for known human distur-
bances
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
Assessment Re-
port (AR4).
Topic 1 summarises observed changes in climate and their ef-
fects on natural and human systems, regardless of their causes, while
Topic 2 assesses the causes of the observed changes. Topic 3 pre-
sents projections of future climate change and related impacts un-
der different scenarios.
Topic 4 discusses adaptation and mitigation options over the
next few decades
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
) noted that Iceland had a maritime
climate that was much milder than its position on the globe might suggest. In
data from 1981–2010, Iceland annual average temperatures ranged from 6°C at the
south coast to 3°C at the north coast, with a substantially colder highland
interior. In comparison with the latitudinal average for the same period, the
coastal temperatures in Iceland are 8–10°C warmer
/climatology/iceland/climate-report