26 October 2012
ESC statement on L’Aquila sentence
The European Seismological Commission (ESC) as a Commission of the
International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth’s Interior
(IASPEI) endorses and adheres to the IASPEI Press Release on the L'Aquila
sentence (http://www.iaspei.org/news_items/laquila_IASPEI_press_release_final.pdf
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/hlidarefni/ESC-IASPEI-statement-LAquila-2012-1.pdf
a number of things:
1. All perspectives agree that systems are
complex and need to be studied as such.
2. The notion of the social-ecological system
has successfully engaged scientists from a
variety of backgrounds, and provides the
necessary basis to address both scale and
governance issues.
3. There is indeed a shift in both the way scale
and governance are conceptually framed
because all
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
in the models, while on the other
hand, models require quantitative information on a wealth of
parameters that is often difficult to extract from storylines. In other
words, there is a mismatch between storylines and model
parameters (Steps 3–4 in Fig. 1), as well as between model output
and revised stories (Steps 5–6). In practice, particularly the
translation of stories into quantified model
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
3, values below 100 mASL were omitted
when determining the least-squares fits for vertical profiles. Due to the large negative bias over
the interior of the island, the vertical terrain-following gradients based on the original model
data are too small compared with the measured values.
Monthly mean model fields of 10-m wind speed, based on original and corrected SURFEX
data, are shown in Figure
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
) noted that Iceland had a maritime
climate that was much milder than its position on the globe might suggest. In
data from 1981–2010, Iceland annual average temperatures ranged from 6°C at the
south coast to 3°C at the north coast, with a substantially colder highland
interior. In comparison with the latitudinal average for the same period, the
coastal temperatures in Iceland are 8–10°C warmer
/climatology/iceland/climate-report
) noted that Iceland had a maritime
climate that was much milder than its position on the globe might suggest. In
data from 1981–2010, Iceland annual average temperatures ranged from 6°C at the
south coast to 3°C at the north coast, with a substantially colder highland
interior. In comparison with the latitudinal average for the same period, the
coastal temperatures in Iceland are 8–10°C warmer
/climatology/iceland/climate-report/
drainage
works, and land-cover and land-use change.
Two other (sometimes indistinguishable)
challenges to stationarity have been exter-
nally forced, natural climate changes and
low-frequency, internal variability (e.g., the
Atlantic multidecadal oscillation) enhanced
by the slow dynamics of the oceans and ice
sheets (2, 3). Planners have tools to adjust
their analyses for known human distur-
bances
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
30.10.2012
The International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior, IASPEI, has sent a press release on the l'Aquila sentence in Italy.
The European Seismological Commission, ESC, has encouraged its representatives in numerous countries
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/2568