- nitrate reduction in underground medium medium large large large
Model technical uncertainty
- numerical approximation small small medium small
- bugs in software medium medium small
SUM:
Importance Type of uncertainty
Error propagation
Box 1 Error propagation rules using standard deviation (σ )
Addition and Subtraction: z = x + y + .. or z = x - y - ..
..)()( 22 ++= yxz σσσ
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_2-uncertainty.pdf
1
Probabilistic forecasts of temperature and precipitation change based on
global climate model simulations (CES deliverable 2.2)
Jouni Räisänen1
Kimmo Ruosteenoja2
19 December 2008
1 Department of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
Email: jouni.raisanen@helsinki.fi
2 Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Email
/media/ces/raisanen_ruosteenoja_CES_D2.2.pdf
was 4 points = €1. The presentation of the Holt and Laury (2002)
lottery was directly in Euros. The payment consisted of the payoff in the lottery, plus the
payoff in one of the other three games, selected randomly by the program, plus a €3 show-
up fee. The sessions lasted for around 60 minutes, and average earnings were €8.14.13
3.1 Public good game
We organized a one-shot sequential public
/media/loftslag/Public-Choice-2012---Teyssier---Inequity-and-risk-aversion-in-sequential-public-good-games.pdf
/longitude box extending from 10–30W and
60–70N) revealed that the model ensemble average exhibited considerable warming
in the last decades of the 20th century and into the 21st,
but the warming rate was half of the warming rate that actually occurred. If
the CMIP5 ensemble average warming is used as an indicator of the forced
(anthropogenic) warming trend, then about half of the recent observed
/climatology/iceland/climate-report
/longitude box extending from 10–30W and
60–70N) revealed that the model ensemble average exhibited considerable warming
in the last decades of the 20th century and into the 21st,
but the warming rate was half of the warming rate that actually occurred. If
the CMIP5 ensemble average warming is used as an indicator of the forced
(anthropogenic) warming trend, then about half of the recent observed
/climatology/iceland/climate-report/
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/media/ces/2010_017.pdf
-island effect caused by materials which effectively
retain heat). Some solutions to holders of real estate to pay for these negative externalities (or get a
payment to fix the problems) have already been adopted in some regions (e.g. storm-water fee in
Philadelphia, property tax abatements on real estate environmental index in New York, but none of them
include all dimensions of the benefits
/media/loftslag/programme2---PhD-Workshop-preceding-Adaptation-Research-Conference.pdf
have repeatedly occurred over the last millennium. The seismicity is a result of plate
spreading at the Mid-Atlantic rift, which crosses Iceland from SW to NE. The rift runs along
Reykjanes Peninsula (RP in Figure 1) towards the Hengill region (within the grey box of
Figure 1), where the rifting is shifted ~100 km eastward along the South Iceland Seismic
Zone (SISZ), a left-lateral shear zone
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2010/2010_012rs.pdf