mass balance changes need time to bring about sufficient changes in ice geometry
to alter the ice flow, one may initially assume that changes in the geometry of the glacier do
not matter in runoff calculations so that the same values for the glaciated area and its altitude
distribution may be used. This is the current implementation of glaciated areas in the WaSiM
and HBV models. Negative mass
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
that has its roots in exploratory scenario development to combine
these with a backcasting approach.
1.2. Overall objectives and methodology
A number of large projects have taken up the challenges posed by the WFD. In relation to water supply, stakeholder
participation and social learning (e.g. [13,14]), hydrology and climate ([15]) as well as adaptive management (e.g. [16,17]) have all
been topics
/media/loftslag/Kok_et_al._TFSC_published_2011.pdf
Franz Josef Land. The western boundary
at 71 W excludes Hudson Bay and Foxe Basin, both associated with their own storm climate.
Baffin Bay is included in its entirety, since storm activity in that region is closely linked to that
over the western North Atlantic (Dacre & Gray, 2009). The eastern boundary at 55 E is chosen
to completely include the Barents Sea. This results in an area of 21,625,566
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
-
grated water management: agency, awareness raising and
education, type of governance and cooperation structures,
information management and—exchange, policy develop-
ment and—implementation, risk management, and finances
and cost recovery. This comparative analysis has an
explorative character intended to identify general patterns
in adaptive and integrated water management and to
determine its/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
the competitive position of road
transport may change for better or worse, depending on how other modes respond to
changing circumstances and risks, on the regulatory and costs effects of explicit
adaptation policy, on the interaction with other policies (mitigation, clean air, urban
zoning, safety etc. [6]), and on the ability of the road transport sector (incl. its
infrastructure and supporting
/media/loftslag/CASE_B__Heikki_Tuomenvirta_(FMI)_Introduction.pdf
is important to the person about a management issue
a71 the important concepts in that system
a71 and their relationships to one another (causal, structural etc.)
a108 can identify beliefs about how the system works, as well as its problems and their solutions
cognitive mapping Knowledge Elicitation
1. Individual SH cognitive maps
(Hodgson‘s hexagon modelling)
2. Scientists‘ agent-based
/media/loftslag/Hare_1_Part2.pdf
focussing on the extent of flooding and gas pollution near to the
source of Skaftá. The initial warning came around 20 hours in advance of floodwater
reaching Sveinstindur – the uppermost gauging station on Skaftá, located 25 km
downstream from Vatnajökull. The advanced warning allowed the emergency services and
landowners to take proactive steps to reduce the impact of the jökulhlaup.
For instance
/about-imo/news/the-august-glacial-outburst-one-of-the-larger-jokulhlaups-to-have-affected-skafta-in-recent-decades
planning process in response to
climate change effects in the Horsens fjord area and deals with its uncertainties. The adaptive planning
would include all above listed aspects, but in this study this is exemplified for water quality both from
upstream and downstream direction. In this regard, we positioned ourselves as a policy agency who
responsible to develop this adaptive planning
/media/loftslag/Group2-report.pdf
to several times a day with the the airlines Icelandair, WOW air, and Scandinavian Airlines. Icelandair offers flights to Iceland from several American cities. Prices can be compared at dohop search engine, which may offer additional airlines.
There are frequent bus connections to the main bus terminal in Reykjavík, see map. The bus trip takes less than an hour. Most aircraft land in the morning
/lidar/lidar-2013/travel-info/