centuries, initiated with the observed LIAmax glacier
geometry. The green dots are volume estimates from DEMs. The volume change 1895–2010 is simulated by using the T and P records in
Fig. 6 and the two methods MI (blue curve) and MII (red curve) for implicit and Weertman type sliding, respectively. The future evolution
is computed with MI by using the climate scenarios in Fig. 8 and by maintaining
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
Íslands
Bústaðavegur 9
150 Reykjavík
Abstract
Fast-rising jökulhlaups from the geothermal subglacial lakes below the Skaftá caul-
drons in Vatnajökull emerge in the Skaftá river approximately every year with 45
jökulhlaups recorded since 1955.
The accumulated volume of flood water was used to estimate the average rate of
water accumulation in the subglacial lakes during the last decade as 6 Gl
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
-based forecast and the text forecast for a specific area, then the text forecast applies.
Keep in mind that short-term forecasts are more likely to be correct than long-term forecasts.
The sliding bar beneath the map is used to view the various forecast periods. It is possible to click on the sliding bar, the days, the hours, or the arrows at the either end of the bar. Additionally, the left
/weather/articles/nr/1210
means that the failure surface
of the slide is concave. The volume of the slide is roughly estimated 30–50 million m3,
however, the estimation may change when further measurements and analyses have been
carried out, especially on the part that is in the lake and regarding the depth of the sliding
surface. If the bottom of the slide reaches below the lake bottom, the total volume of material
/media/ofanflod/myndasafn/frodleikur/askja_minnisblad_ens.pdf
these fractures will slip if their Coulomb failure stress (CFS) exceeds zero. Thus
the shear stresses are limited by frictional sliding on the numerous fractures.
Cook (1981) studied the behaviour of frictional sliding of granitic rock by use of stiff laboratory
machines. The availability of stiff machines made it possible to study not only the sudden unstable slips
(produced by less
/media/norsem/norsem_slunga.pdf
heavy rain
5.4
July 2014 Árnestindur, Trékyllisvík in
Strandir
A few days of heavy rain prior
to the slide, permafrost in the
starting area
0.3
July 2014 Askja Snowmelt, sliding surface
connected to faults in the
caldera rim
20
Sep. 2017 Hamarsfjörður Heavy rain 0.8–1
July 2018 Fagraskógarfjall in Hítardalur High ground water pressure
due to long period of rain.
Instability
/media/frettir-myndasafn-2018/Big_landslides_Table_ENG.pdf
of the slide is concave. The volume of the slide is roughly estimated 30–50 million m³, however, the estimation may change when further measurements and analyses have been carried out, especially on the part that is in the lake and regarding the depth of the sliding surface. If the bottom of the slide reaches below the lake bottom, the total volume of material that moved may be a lot more
/avalanches/articles/nr/2929
The temperature at 1,500m altitude provides insight into the advection of warm or cold air.
The temperature scale on the image changes according to the temperature range of the forecast.
Precipitation forecast:
The map displays a forecast for the cumulative level of precipitation over a 6-hour period.
The colour scale denotes precipitation rates. The intensity ranges from 0.5
/weather/articles/nr/1218
The Netherlands
123
Reg Environ Change (2010) 10:263–284
DOI 10.1007/s10113-009-0108-6
On a global scale, the number of disasters caused by
weather-related phenomena such as storms, floods, and
droughts has more than doubled over the past decade, from
175 in 1996 to 391 in 2005 (IFRC 2008). The same trend
(Fig. 1) is being observed in the case-studies under inves-
tigation, which is Rivierenland
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf