affecting the area around the crater.
26 May 2011 - 14:45
Yesterday, a group walked towards the eruptive site. Surveillance revealed much ash west and south of Grímsvötn. A few measurements, at locations where the ice was completely covered, gave ash thicknesses varying from 10 to 130 cm. Photo by Vilhjálmur Kjartansson, 25. maí 2011:
25 May 2011 - 18:05
Collective status report (pdf 35 Kb
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/2180
tephra (km3): Max: ~10 km3
Fallout beyond 1000 km: At least one in last 1100 years
Tephra <63µm at 30 km ~5%
Bulk volume lava (km3): Max: >20 km3
Longest lava flow: >130 km
Gas emissions, sulphur: Significant to large depending on magma volume, max known 150 Mt SO2
Seismic characteristics Quiet between eruptions except for the region 10-15 km north of the caldera.
No information on previous
/media/jar/Bardarbunga_kafli20140825.pdf
the whole year, 2015, the number of days with total snow cover in Reykjavík was 70,
i.e. 5 above the 1971-2000 mean. A record snow depth for December was reached in
Reykjavík.
The number of days with total snow cover in Akureyri in 2015 was 104, i.e. 13 fewer than the
1971-2000 average. The greatest snow depth of the year was measured at Skeiðsfoss in the
North on 1st and 2nd February, 130 cm
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skylduskil/ved-eng-2015.pdf
than the 1971-2000 average. The greatest snow depth of the year was measured at Skeiðsfoss in the North on 1st and 2nd February, 130 cm.
Snow cover anomaly % (relative to 1971 - 2000)
Figure 3. Snow cover anomalies (%) in the North (blue) and the South (yellow) compared to 1971-2000.
Bright sunshine
The number of bright sunshine hours in Reykjavík was 1389.5 in Reykjavík during 2015
/about-imo/news/nr/3273
destruction of the road network; In Öræfi, up to 130 lives could be lost and 240–250 people isolated.
Chapter VII. Öræfajökull: Evacuation time modelling of areas prone to volcanogenic floods (pdf 2.96 Mb)
Pages 141–164
Emmanuel Pagneux
Short summary
A model of evacuation routes and timing for areas exposed to floods due to eruptive activity of Öræfajökull Volcano is presented. Estimates
/hydrology/hazard-risk-assessments/glacial-outburst-floods/markarfljotsaurar-oraefajokull/
therefore
lasted for 167 days. The Coordination centre in Skogarhlid was fully activated on the 19th of August and the
operation has therefore lasted for 164 days. For comparison the volcanic eruption in Vestmannaeyjar lasted for
130 days, from 23rd of February 1973 until 3rd of July the same year.
NATIONAL COMMISSIONER OF THE ICELANDIC POLICE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY
/media/jar/Factsheet_Bardarbunga_20150130.pdf
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/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf