of up to 1,500 cubic metres per second. When the interval between floods is short, the flood tends to be smaller. For lates information, see remark.
These photographs were taken by Reynir Ragnarsson yesterday afternoon, 20 January 2014:
Towards east: Skaftá, Kirkjubæjarklaustur, Systravatn, Systrafoss, Nýibær.
Towards northeast: Skaftá, Rásin, Hunkubakkar, Ytri-Dalbær.
River Skaftá below
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The event originates from the subglacial lake Grímsvötn. The event is expected to be small, with maximum discharge on the order of magnitude 1000 cubic meters per second. The maximum of the flood is expected to be around the end of the week.
Conductivity measurements indicate a considerable increase of geothermal contribution to the water of the river. Simultaneously, the ice on the subglacial lake
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and March 2014. The maximum discharge of the flood is therefore expected to be less than 700 cubic metres per second, occurring towards the middle of the week.
Potentially hazardous levels of hydrogen sulphide gas could be present at the location where floodwater bursts from Skeiðarárjökull. In the immediate vicinity of the outlet, gas concentrations could be high enough to cause respiratory problems
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eruptive activity with two recognized eruptions per century.
IMO is currently using the Aviation Color Code to report the status of active volcanic systems in Iceland and provide warning related to unusual activity. Based on the evidence that the current seismicity is well above the normal (monthly averaged) background condition, IMO's scientists decided to raise the aviation color code, AVCC
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Floods in Skaftá are sourced from two ice cauldrons, formed due to persistent geothermal activity beneath Vatnajökull. On average, the cauldrons drain every two years, producing floods of up to 1,500 cubic metres per second. When the interval between floods is short the flood tends to be smaller. The eastern cauldron is responsible for the largest floods.
Earlier events and research
June 2015
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low in Arctic summer sea-ice extent, with 20% less ice area than the previous all-time record minimum of 2005 - the difference is more than 12 times the area of Iceland. This is part of a long-term trend of more than 8% ice extent decline per decade since the late seventies.
Analysis of simulation results from the Community Climate System Model (CCSM3), show that the Arctic could be free of ice
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thickness is 10-12 meters and estimated volume of eruptive material 22-24 million cubic meters (only one fifth of Hekla 2000).
Accordingly, the average flow rate has been approximately 15 cubic meters per second since the eruption began. The eruptive cone stands 82 m above previous ground level and the highest peak is 1067 m a.s.l.
On their web-site, explanatory photographs can be found (pdf 1.1 Mb
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to 15 km.
Lightning is monitored using the British Met. Office lightning detection system. Lighthing activity follows a similar pattern as the plume altitude with intermittent periods of strong lightning activity. During the most intense lightning period the number of lightnings per hour were 1000 times more than during the Eyjafjallajokull Eruption.
The Grímsvötn volcano is Iceland‘s most
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a total of 2 MW of installed power. The project is part of Landsvirkjun's research and development project on the advantages of wind power in Iceland. Many areas in Iceland show great potential for the successful utilisation of wind energy.
The wind turbines each have a 900 kW capacity and together their generating capacity could be up to 5.4 GWh per year. The masts reach a height of 55 metres
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of up to 1,500 cubic metres per second. When the interval between floods is short, the flood tends to be smaller. For lates information, see remark.
These photographs were taken by Reynir Ragnarsson yesterday afternoon, 20 January 2014:
Towards east: Skaftá, Kirkjubæjarklaustur, Systravatn, Systrafoss, Nýibær.
Towards northeast: Skaftá, Rásin, Hunkubakkar, Ytri-Dalbær.
River Skaftá below
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