part of Skaftárjökull and Tungnárjökull, where floodwater could
burst through the surface.
Background
Floods in Skaftá are sourced from
two ice
cauldrons, formed due to persistent geothermal
activity beneath Vatnajökull ice-
cap. On
average, the
cauldrons drain every
two years, producing floods of up to 1,500 cubic metres per second. When the interval
between floods is short the flood tends
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